feat: 工厂方法模式

pom.xml

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+    <parent>
+        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
+        <version>2.2.12.RELEASE</version>
+        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
+    </parent>
+    <groupId>com.pnkx</groupId>
+    <artifactId>design-patterns</artifactId>
+    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    <name>design-patterns</name>
+    <description>design-patterns</description>
+    <properties>
+        <java.version>8</java.version>
+    </properties>
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+
+</project>

src/main/java/com/pnkx/designpatterns/DesignPatternsApplication.java

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+package com.pnkx.designpatterns;
+
+import com.pnkx.designpatterns.factorymethod.AnimalFactory;
+import com.pnkx.designpatterns.factorymethod.model.Animal;
+import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
+
+@SpringBootApplication
+public class DesignPatternsApplication {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // 使用工厂类创建不同的 Animal 对象
+        Animal dog = AnimalFactory.createAnimal("dog");
+        dog.sound();
+        Animal cat = AnimalFactory.createAnimal("cat");
+        cat.sound();
+    }
+}

src/main/java/com/pnkx/designpatterns/factorymethod/AnimalFactory.java

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+package com.pnkx.designpatterns.factorymethod;
+
+import com.pnkx.designpatterns.factorymethod.model.Animal;
+import com.pnkx.designpatterns.factorymethod.model.Cat;
+import com.pnkx.designpatterns.factorymethod.model.Dog;
+
+/**
+ * AnimalFactory
+ *
+ * @author 裴浩宇
+ * @version 1.0
+ * @date 2023/10/17 13:58
+ * @description 动物工厂类
+ */
+public class AnimalFactory {
+    // 根据传入的参数创建具体的动物类对象
+    public static Animal createAnimal(String type) {
+        if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("dog")) {
+            return new Dog();
+        } else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("cat")) {
+            return new Cat();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid animal type: " + type);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/main/java/com/pnkx/designpatterns/factorymethod/model/Animal.java

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+package com.pnkx.designpatterns.factorymethod.model;
+
+/**
+ * Animal
+ *
+ * @author 裴浩宇
+ * @version 1.0
+ * @date 2023/10/17 13:57
+ * @description 动物抽象类
+ */
+public abstract class Animal {
+    // 声音
+    public abstract void sound();
+}

src/main/java/com/pnkx/designpatterns/factorymethod/model/Cat.java

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+package com.pnkx.designpatterns.factorymethod.model;
+
+/**
+ * Cat
+ *
+ * @author 裴浩宇
+ * @version 1.0
+ * @date 2023/10/17 13:57
+ * @description 猫咪类
+ */
+public class Cat extends Animal {
+    @Override
+    public void sound() {
+        System.out.println("喵喵喵");
+    }
+}

src/main/java/com/pnkx/designpatterns/factorymethod/model/Dog.java

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+package com.pnkx.designpatterns.factorymethod.model;
+
+/**
+ * Dog
+ *
+ * @author 裴浩宇
+ * @version 1.0
+ * @date 2023/10/17 13:58
+ * @description 描述
+ */
+public class Dog extends Animal {
+    @Override
+    public void sound() {
+        System.out.println("汪汪汪");
+    }
+}